The irrigation area is located in the center of Taiwan, bordered by the Central Mountains to the east, Maoluo River, a tributary of Wu River, to the southwest and next to the area controlled by the Changhua Management Office of the Irrigation Agency, with Caohu River to the north, next to the area managed by Taichung Management Office. Tributaries of Wu River run across it and the area is mountainous, with fertile soil and rich tourism resources. The terrain ranges from 50 to 750 meters above sea level, with a wide range of elevations and gradually slopes from east to northwest. The river bed is narrow and heavy rain in summer causes rapid water flow, which can cause serious damage to the water intake.

The climate is mild all year round, with abundant rainfall and water in summer. Rainfall in winter is sparse and water resources scarce. Average annual rainfall is 1,731mm and mostly falls from May to September when average rainfall of 1,433mm, accounting for about 82.2% of annual rainfall. The distribution of rainfall is uneven and makes water allocation difficult.

There are 74 irrigation systems in total and irrigation water mainly comes from Wu River, with an irrigated area of 12,675 hectares, accounting for 95.72% of the total irrigation area; a little water is taken from Zhuoshui River, with an irrigated area of 567 hectares, accounting for 4.28%. Irrigation management methods are affected by the seasonal highs and lows of water sources. Normally, river flow is used to supply water. During the first crop period of field preparation and rice transplanting, when the ground water is often insufficient during the dry season, water is supplied through rotating irrigation and groundwater wells.

During the second crop period, water is plentiful, but there are many disasters such as typhoons and heavy rain, which result in high maintenance costs. In order to promote the effective use of water resources, weir gates or weir dams are positioned in regional or farmland drainage channels to collect return water for irrigation.

The area is mainly double cropping fields, totaling 12,684 hectares. Rice is planted twice a year, and some areas are planted with other short-term crops such as pumpkins, vegetables, green manure plants, etc. after harvesting in the second crop period. The remaining 558 hectares are second season single cropping fields, which are supplied with irrigation water in summer and autumn every year.

The geology is mainly sandy loam, followed by loam. The soil is fertile and suitable for the cultivation of various crops. The main crops are double cropping rice, followed by sugar cane, water bamboo, vegetables, flowers, mushrooms etc.